Substrate-emitting, distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers.

{"article_title":"[Guidelines for vaccination of immunocompromised individuals].","author":"Wiedermann U, Sitte HH, Burgmann H, Eser A, Falb P, Holzmann H, Kitchen M, K\u00f6ller M, Kollaritsch H, Kundi M, Lassmann H, Mutz I, Pickl WF, Riedl E, Sibilia M, Thalhammer F, Tucek B, Zenz W, Zwiauer K","journal_title":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift","issn":"1613-7671","isbn":"","publication_date":"2020 Nov","volume":"128 Suppl 4","issue":"","first_page":"337","page_count":"","accession_number":"27457874","doi":"10.1007\/s00508-016-1033-6","publisher":"Springer","doctype":"Guideline","subjects":"Immunocompromised Host; Vaccination; Vaccines administration & dosage; Allergy and Immunology standards; Austria; Contraindications; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents administration & dosage; Immunosuppressive Agents standards; Vaccines standards","interest_area":["Infectious Disease & Vaccines"," Emergency Medicine"," Internal Medicine"," Oncology"],"abstract":"Immunosuppression of various origins is associated with an increased risk of infection; therefore the prevention of infectious diseases by vaccination is especially important in immunocompromised patients. However, the response to vaccinations is often reduced in these risk groups and the application of live vaccines is contraindicated during immunosuppression.In the following expert statement, recommendations for vaccination were created on the basis of current evidence and theoretical\/immunological considerations. A first, general part elaborates on efficacy and safety of vaccinations during immunosuppression, modes of action of immunosuppressive medications and recommended time intervals between immunosuppressive treatments and vaccinations. A core piece of this part is a graduation of immunosuppression into three stages, i. e. no relevant immunosuppression, mild to moderate and severe immunosuppression and the assignment of various medications (including biologicals) to one of those stages; this is followed by an overview of possible and necessary vaccinations in each of those stages.The second part gives detailed vaccination guidelines for common diseases and therapies associated with immunosuppression. Primary immune deficiencies, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, solid and hematological tumors, hematopoetic stem cell transplantation, transplantation of solid organs, aspenia, rheumatological-, gastroenterologic-, dermatologic-, neurologic diseases, biologicals during pregnancy and HIV infection are dealt with.These vaccination guidelines, compiled for the first time in Austria, aim to be of practical help for physicians to facilitate and improve vaccination coverage in immunocompromised patients and their household members and contact persons.","url":"https:\/\/search.ebscohost.com\/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mdl&AN=27457874&authtype=shib&custid=ns346513&group=main&profile=eds","isPdfLink":false,"isSAML":true,"additionalInfo":{"Authored_By":"Lyakh, A., Zory, P., D\u2019Souza, M., Botez, D., Bour, D.","Published_Date":"2007-10-29","Source":"Applied Physics Letters; 10\/29\/2007, Vol. 91 Issue 18, p181116, 3p, 1 Diagram, 3 Graphs","Languages":"English","Subjects":"SEMICONDUCTOR-metal boundaries, QUANTUM electronics, BEAM emittance (Nuclear physics), LASER research, DIFFRACTION loss, DIFFRACTION gratings","Title_Abbreviations":"Applied Physics Letters","Volume":"91"},"header":{"DbId":"edb","DbLabel":"Complementary Index","An":"27457874","RelevancyScore":"805","PubType":"Academic Journal","PubTypeId":"academicJournal","PreciseRelevancyScore":"805.425476074219"},"plink":"https:\/\/search.ebscohost.com\/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=edb&AN=27457874&authtype=shib&custid=ns346513&group=main&profile=eds","upload_link":"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/doi:10.1063\/1.2803851"}